There are three common causes of hip injuries: overuse, sports, and aging. If the hips are used excessively or if the hip joint wears down, the risk for injury increases. And, of course, let's not forget that sudden and/or eccentric movements can also cause injury.
Excessive strain from repetitive pivoting—such as in ice hockey, golfing, or ballet dancing—or direct impact and injury to the hip can tear the tissue of the acetabular labrum. Structural abnormalities and degenerative conditions can also cause a tear or even impingement of the labrum from activities like martial arts, cycling, and horseback riding.
With age and use, the articular cartilage in the hip joint can degenerate. The tissue becomes frayed and rough, exposing the bone surfaces beneath, making movement painful. This condition is diagnosed as osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease.
Repetitive stress from activities like extensive running, bicycling, or even standing for long periods of time can irritate and inflame the bursae of the hip, causing sharp pain and tenderness at the point of the hip, usually extending into the thigh.
If the pain and stiffness from a damaged hip joint are severe enough or limit mobility, a total hip arthroplasty may be recommended. In hip arthroplasty, the femoral head is removed and replaced with an implant or prosthesis while a metal stem is fitted into the hollow shaft of the femur. A metal ball is then placed on the top of the stem to replace the femoral head. Diseased or damaged articular cartilage is removed from the acetabular surface and replaced with a prosthetic socket.
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